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Kazakhstan

Central Asia's Security: Issues and Implications for U.S. Interests

Posted Thu, 03/11/2010 - 00:00

The Central Asian states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) face common security challenges from crime, corruption, terrorism, and faltering commitments to economic and democratic reforms. However, cooperation among them remains halting, so security in the region is likely in the near term to vary by country. Kyrgyzstan's and Tajikistan's futures are most clouded by ethnic and territorial tensions, and corruption in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan could spoil benefits from the development of their ample energy resources.

Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union

Posted Thu, 03/19/2009 - 00:00

Congress passed the Nunn-Lugar amendment, authorizing U.S. threat reduction assistance to the former Soviet Union, in November 1991, after a failed coup in Moscow and the disintegration of the Soviet Union raised concerns about the safety and security of Soviet nuclear weapons. The annual program has grown from $400 million in the DOD budget a little over $1 billion across three agencies — DOD ($415.5 million) DOE ($529.9 million) and the State Department ($71 million).