In 2002, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) began investigating allegations that
Iran had conducted clandestine nuclear activities; the agency ultimately reported that some of
these activities had violated Tehran?s IAEA safeguards agreement. The agency has not stated
definitively that Iran has pursued nuclear weapons, but has also not yet been able to conclude that
the country?s nuclear program is exclusively for peaceful purposes. The IAEA Board of
Governors referred the matter to the U.N. Security Council in February 2006.